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用户名:sinaimount 笔名:sinaimount 地区: 浙江-台州 行业:其他 |
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斯丹达尔:献给少数幸福的人。
海子:诗歌是把自由和沉默还给人类的东西。
词语的丛林
(作者置顶)
词语的丛林
一场势不两立的厮杀
在浅兰色的丛林进行
浑浊的雨滴在绿叶中端坐
溅落在泥土中的唾沫
是上天对毒蛇的眷顾
蠕动的形体无所畏惧
一朵名叫词语的玫瑰
在对火红色血液的吸吮中睁开睡眼
成群结队的绿头苍蝇
在战士的伤口中庆祝
无限伸张的欲求
自我的鬼火在撕裂土黄色的和谐
正在腐烂的内脏将成为肥沃的土壤
滋养慢慢融入黑夜的植物
烛光在搜寻死去的英雄
锐利无比的兵器
渗透着幽蓝的逼人的反光
洗却铅华的诗句在刀尖上跳动
一头小狮子奋力将尖刀踢起
飞行的兵器上坐着艳丽的黑发女巫
在风中分泌出耸人听闻的冷笑
道路在这笑声中渐次铺开
路的尽头
隐隐约约可以看到繁华似锦的城市街头
正当光亮中闪烁着那动人的景色
女巫一头栽进一条干枯的河流
这是被龙骨划开的界河
所有潮湿都不得越过
异常干燥的行走
三千年的赶路
终于,苟且偷生的灵魂
独自达到了目的
飞沙走石,白骨累累的高地
灵魂不禁猛然回头
却发现那三千年岿然屹立的房屋轰然坍塌
无一例外地坠入深渊
于是,一场庆典走出帷幕
柱石全部化为水流
水流越来越汹涌
最后浮现香喷喷的女巫,正在和一头山羊嬉戏
血色的野玫瑰,灰褐色的山羊,亮闪闪的刺刀
透明无色的风,鱼肚白的骷髅,静悄悄的高地
在不断消逝的巴比伦的河水的奔腾中
搭起神圣的舞台
意志在残酷的风景中自由
一种征服的喜悦展露在颤动的眉梢
在这羚羊挂角的地狱
经受过多折磨的灵魂被魔鬼扔回天堂
在天堂的窗口,灵魂回望地狱而看到巨大的十字
狮子和女巫将战士的刀带到路口
意志穿越生命的洪流抵达各各地
基督用他的鲜血为生命献赎罪祭
- 作者: sinaimount 2005年12月10日, 星期六 19:46 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
尼采《敌基督》摘录
尼采《敌基督》摘录
序言部分:
how could I confound myself with those who are now sprouting ears?
He must be accustomed to living on mountain tops
must have become indifferent
never ask of the truth whether it brings profit to him or a fatality to him
must have an inclination, born of strength, for questions that no one has the courage for; the courage for the forbidden.
Reverence for self; love of self; absolute freedom of self.....
1
we sickened on lazy peace, cowardly compromise, the whole virtuous dirtiness of the modern Yea and Nay.
"forgives" everything because it "understands" everything
Our fate--it was the fulness, the tension, the storing up of powers.
2
What is good?--Whatever augments the feeling of power, the will to power, power itself, in man. What is evil?--Whatever springs from weakness. What is happiness?--The feeling that power increases--that resistance is overcome.
The weak and the botched shall perish: first principle of our charity. And one should help them to it. What is more harmful than any vice?--Practical sympathy for the botched and the weak—Christianity...
3
The problem that I set here is …… what type of man must be bred, must be willed, as being the most valuable, the most worthy of life, the most secure guarantee of the future.
4
the process of evolution does not necessarily mean elevation, enhancement, strengthening.
5
Christianity: it has waged a war to the death against this higher type of man
6
I understand rottenness in the sense of decadence: my argument is that all the values on which mankind now fixes its highest aspirations are decadence-values.
I call an animal, a species, an individual corrupt, when it loses its instincts, when it chooses, when it prefers, what is injurious to it. A history of the "higher feelings," the "ideals of humanity" ……would almost explain why man is so degenerate. Life itself appears to me as an instinct for growth, for survival, for the accumulation of forces, for power: whenever the will to power fails there is disaster.
7
Pity stands in opposition to all the tonic pasions that augment the energy of the feeling of aliveness
Pity thwarts the whole law of evolution, which is the law of natural selection.
it fights on the side of those disinherited and condemned by life; by maintaining life in so many of the botched of all kinds, it gives life itself a gloomy and dubious aspect.
Schopenhauer was right in this: that by means of pity life is denied, and made worthy of denial--pity is the technic of nihilism.
Schopenhauer was hostile to life: that is why pity appeared to him as a virtue.
Nothing is more unhealthy, amid all our unhealthy modernism, than Christian pity.
8
The pure soul is a pure lie. . . So long as the priest, that professional denier, calumniator and poisoner of life, is accepted as a higher variety of man, there can be no answer to the question, What is truth?
9
they ground good conscience upon faulty vision; they argue that no other sort of vision has value any more, once they have made theirs sacrosanct with the names of "God," "salvation" and "eternity."
Whatever a theologian regards as true must be false: there you have almost a criterion of truth.
Wherever the influence of theologians is felt there is a transvaluation of values, and the concepts "true" and "false" are forced to change places: what ever is most damaging to life is there called "true," and whatever exalts it, intensifies it, approves it, justifies it and makes it triumphant is there called "false."...
10
Definition of Protestantism: hemiplegic paralysis of Christianity
the concept of morality as the essence of the world (--the two most vicious errors that ever existed!)
11
A nation goes to pieces when it confounds its duty with the general concept of duty.
Instinct at fault in everything and anything, instinct as a revolt against nature, German decadence as a philosophy--that is Kant!----
13
The most valuable intuitions are the last to be attained
We have had the whole pathetic stupidity of mankind against us--their every notion of what the truth ought to be, of what the service of the truth ought to be--their every "thou shalt" was launched against us.
14
The "pure spirit" is a piece of pure stupidity
15
Christianity…… offers purely imaginary causes ("God" "soul," "ego," "spirit," "free will"--or even "unfree"), and purely imaginary effects ("sin" "salvation" "grace," "punishment," "forgiveness of sins").
the whole of that fictitious world has its sources in hatred of the natural (--the real!--), and is no more than evidence of a profound uneasiness in the presence of reality.. . . This explains everything. Who alone has any reason for living his way out of reality? The man who suffers under it. But to suffer from reality one must be a botched reality.
16
A man is grateful for his own existence: to that end he needs a god.--Such a god must be able to work both benefits and injuries; he must be able to play either friend or foe
Mankind has just as much need for an evil god as for a good god
What would be the value of a god who knew nothing of anger, revenge, envy, scorn, cunning, violence?
Formerly he represented a people, the strength of a people, everything aggressive and thirsty for power in the soul of a people; now he is simply the good god...The truth is that there is no other alternative for gods: either they are the will to power--in which case they are national gods--or incapacity for power--in which case they have to be good.
18
God becomes the formula for every slander upon the "here and now," and for every lie about the "beyond"!
20
Buddhism is a hundred times as realistic as Christianity--it is part of its living heritage that it is able to face problems objectively and coolly
Buddhism is the only genuinely positive religion to be encountered in history
It does not speak of a "struggle with sin," but, yielding to reality, of the "struggle with suffering." Sharply differentiating itself from Christianity
Prayer is not included, and neither is asceticism. There is no categorical imperative nor any disciplines, even within the walls of a monastery
he does not advocate any conflict with unbelievers; his teaching is antagonistic to nothing so much as to revenge, aversion, ressentiment (--"enmity never brings an end to enmit"……)
In Buddha's teaching egoism is a duty. The "one thing needful," the question "how can you be delivered from suffering," regulates and determines the whole spiritual diet.
21
The things necessary to Buddhism are a very mild climate, customs of great gentleness and liberality, and no militarism; moreover, it must get its start among the higher and better educated classes. Cheerfulness, quiet and the absence of desire are the chief desiderata, and they are attained. Buddhism is not a religion in which perfection is merely an object of aspiration: perfection is actually normal.
Under Christianity……the highest good is regarded as unattainable, as a gift, as "grace."……concealment and the darkened room are Christian. Here body is despised and hygiene is denounced as sensual; the church even ranges itself against cleanliness
hatred of unbelievers; the will to persecute. Sombre and disquieting ideas are in the foreground;
Christian is all hatred of the intellect, of pride, of courage of freedom, of intellectual libertinage; Christian is all hatred of the senses, of joy in the senses, of joy in general . . .
22
Here, unlike in the case of the Buddhists, the cause of discontent with self, suffering through self, is not merely a general sensitiveness and susceptibility to pain, but, on the contrary, an inordinate thirst for inflicting pain on others, a tendency to obtain subjective satisfaction in hostile deeds and ideas.
Buddhism is a religion for peoples in a further state of development, for races that have become kind, gentle and over-spiritualized
23
Buddhism, I repeat, is a hundred times more austere, more honest, more objective. It no longer has to justify its pains, its susceptibility to suffering, by interpreting these things in terms of sin--it simply says, as it simply thinks, "I suffer."
In the first place, it knows that it is of very little consequence whether a thing be true or not, so long as it is believed to be true. Truth and faith: here we have two wholly distinct worlds of ideas, almost two diametrically opposite worlds--the road to the one and the road to the other lie miles apart.
The Brahmins knew it, Plato knew it, every student of the esoteric knows it. When, for example, a man gets any pleasure out of the notion that he has been saved from sin, it is not necessary for him to be actually sinful, but merely to feel sinful. But when faith is thus exalted above everything else, it necessarily follows that reason, knowledge and patient inquiry have to be discredited: the road to the truth becomes a forbidden road.--Hope, in its stronger forms, is a great deal more powerful stimulans to life than any sort of realized joy can ever be. Man must be sustained in suffering by a hope so high that no conflict with actuality can dash it--so high, indeed, that no fulfillment can satisfy it: a hope reaching out beyond this world. (Precisely because of this power that hope has of making the suffering hold out, the Greeks regarded it as the evil of evils, as the most malign of evils; it remained behind at the source of all evil.)
Love is the state in which man sees things most decidedly as they are not.
24
The Jews are the most remarkable people in the history of the world, for when they were confronted with the question, to be or not to be, they chose, with perfectly unearthly deliberation, to be at any price: this price involved a radical falsification of all nature, of all naturalness, of all reality, of the whole inner world, as well as of the outer.
In order to be able to say Nay to everything representing an ascending evolution of life--that is, to well-being, to power, to beauty, to self-approval--the instincts of ressentiment, here become downright genius, had to invent an other world in which the acceptance of life appeared as the most evil and abominable thing imaginable.
25
in the time of the monarchy, Israel maintained the right attitude of things, which is to say, the natural attitude. Its Jahveh was an expression of its consciousness of power, its joy in itself, its hopes for itself: to him the Jews looked for victory and salvation and through him they expected nature to give them whatever was necessary to their existence--above all, rain. Jahveh is the god of Israel, and consequently the god of justice: this is the logic of every race that has power in its hands and a good conscience in the use of it.
But every hope remained unfulfilled. The old god no longer could do what he used to do. He ought to have been abandoned. But what actually happened? simply this: the conception of him was changed--the conception of him was denaturized; this was the price that had to be paid for keeping him.
The public notion of this god now becomes merely a weapon in the hands of clerical agitators, who interpret all happiness as a reward and all unhappiness as a punishment for obedience or disobedience to him, for "sin": that most fraudulent of all imaginable interpretations, whereby a "moral order of the world" is set up, and the fundamental concepts, "cause" and "effect," are stood on their heads. Once natural causation has been swept out of the world by doctrines of reward and punishment some sort of unnatural causation becomes necessary: and all other varieties of the denial of nature follow it. A god who demands--in place of a god who helps
Morality……is no longer the primary life-instinct; instead it has become abstract and in opposition to life--a fundamental perversion of the fancy, an "evil eye" on all things.
26
And the philosophers support the church: the lie about a "moral order of the world" runs through the whole of philosophy, even the newest. What is the meaning of a "moral rder of the world"? That there is a thing called the will of God which, once and for all time, determines what man ought to do and what he ought not to do; that the worth of a people, or of an individual thereof, is to he measured by the extent to which they or he obey this will of God; that the destinies of a people or of an individual arecontrolled by this will of God, which rewards or punishes according to the degree of obedience manifested.
They reduced every great event to the idiotic formula: "obedient or disobedient to God."
The priest depreciates and desecrates nature: it is only at this price that he can exist at all.
the priest lives upon sins
27
Christianity sprang from a soil so corrupt that on it everything natural, every natural value, every reality was opposed by the deepest instincts of the ruling class--it grew up as a sort of war to the death upon reality, and as such it has never been surpassed.
asChristianity it actually denied even the last form of reality, the "holy people," the "chosen people," Jewish reality itself.
29
It is not a question of mere truthful evidence as to what he did, what he said and how he actually died; the question is, whether his type is still conceivable, whether it has been handed down to us.
What the Gospels make instinctive is precisely the reverse of all heroic struggle, of all taste for conflict: the very incapacity for resistance is here converted into something moral: ("resist not evil !"--the most profound sentence in the Gospels, perhaps the true key to them), to wit, the blessedness of peace, of gentleness, the inability to be an enemy. What is the meaning of "glad tidings"?--The true life, the life eternal has been found--it is not merely promised, it is here, it is in you; it is the life that lies in love free from all retreats and exclusions, from all keeping of distances.
a feeling of being at home in a world in which no sort of reality survives
"The Kingdom of God is withinyou".
30
The instinctive exclusion of all aversion, all hostility, all bounds and distances in feeling: the consequence of an extreme susceptibility to pain and irritation--so great that it senses all resistance, all compulsion to resistance, as unbearable anguish (--that is to say, as harmful, as prohibited by the instinct of self-preservation), and regards blessedness (joy) as possible only when it is no longer necessary to offer resistance to anybody or anything, however evil or dangerous--love, as the only, as the ultimate possibility of life. . .
31
let us not underrate the proprium of all great, and especially all sectarian veneration: it tends to erase from the venerated objects all its original traits and idiosyncrasies, often so painfully strange--it does not even see them.
32
I can only repeat that I set myself against all efforts to intrude the fanatic into the figure of the Saviour
What the "glad tidings" tell us is simply that there are no more contradictions
He has never heard of culture; he doesn't have to make war on it--he doesn't even deny it
he has no ground for denying" the world," for he knows nothing of the ecclesiastical concept of "the world" . . . Denial is precisely the thing that is impossible to him.
33
In the whole psychology of the "Gospels" the concepts of guilt and punishment are lacking, and so is that of reward. "Sin," which means anything that puts a distance between God and man, is abolished
He offers no resistance, either by word or in his heart, to those who stand against him.
He is angry with no one, and he despises no one.
He no longer needed any formula or ritual in his relations with God--not even prayer. He had rejected the whole of the Jewish doctrine of repentance and atonement; he knew that it was only by a way of life that one could feel one's self "divine," "blessed," "evangelical," a "child of God."Not by "repentance,"not by "prayer and forgiveness" is the way to God: only the Gospel way leads to God--it is itself "God!"--What the Gospels abolished was the Judaism in the concepts of "sin," "forgiveness of sin," "faith," "salvation through faith"--the wholeecclesiastical dogma of the Jews was denied by the "glad tidings."
34
If I understand anything at all about this great symbolist, it is this: that he regarded only subjective realities as realities, as "truths"--hat he saw everything else, everything natural, temporal, spatial and historical, merely as signs, as materials for parables. The concept of "the Son of God" does not connote a concrete person in history, an isolated and definite individual, but an "eternal" fact, a psychological symbol set free from the concept of time.
The "kingdom of heaven" is a state of the heart--not something to come "beyond the world" or "after death."
the physical life and its crises have no existence for the bearer of "glad tidings." . . .
The "kingdom of God" is not somethingthat men wait for: it had no yesterday and no day after tomorrow, it is not going to come at a "millennium"--it is an experience of the heart, it is everywhere and it is nowhere. . . .
35
This "bearer of glad tidings" died as he lived and taught--not to "save mankind," but to show mankind how to live. It was a way of life that he bequeathed to man: his demeanour before the judges, before the officers, before his accusers--his demeanour on the cross. He does not resist; he does not defend his rights; he makes no effort to ward off the most extreme penalty--more, he invites it. . . And he prays, suffers and loves with those, in those, who do him evil . . . Not to defend one's self, not to show anger, not to lay blames. . . On the contrary, to submit even to the Evil One--to love him. . . .
37
A sickly barbarism finally lifts itself to power as the church--the church, that incarnation of deadly hostility to all honesty, to all loftiness of soul, to all discipline of the spirit, to all spontaneous and kindly humanity.
38
Even a man who makes the most modest pretensions to integrity must know that a theologian, a priest, a pope of today not only errs when he speaks, but actually lies--and that he no longer escapes blame for his lie through "innocence" or "ignorance." The priest knows, as every one knows, that there is no longer any "God," or any "sinner," or any "Saviour"--that "free will" and the "moral order of the world" are lies--: serious reflection, the profound self-conquest of the spirit,allow no man to pretend that he does not know it. . .
39
The very word "Christianity" is a misunderstanding--at bottom there was only one Christian, and he died on the cross.
only the Christian way of life, the life lived by him who died on the cross, is Christian. . .
40
The One God and the Only Son of God: both were products of resentment . . . .
41
Jesus himself had done away with the very concept of "guilt," he denied that there was any gulf fixed between God and man; he lived this unity between God and man, and that was precisely his "glad tidings". . .
the type of the Saviour was corrupted, bit by bit, by the doctrine of judgment and of the second coming, the doctrine of death as a sacrifice, the doctrine of the resurrection, by means of which the entire concept of "blessedness," the whole and only reality of the gospels, is juggled away--in favour of a state of existence after death!
42
Buddhism promises nothing, but actually fulfills; Christianity promises everything, but fulfills nothing.
the church even falsified the history of man in order to make it a prologue to Christianity
43
When the centre of gravity of life is placed, not in life itself, but in "the beyond"--in nothingness--then one has taken away its centre of gravity altogether.
The poisonous doctrine, "equal rights for all," has been propagated as a Christian principle: out of the secret nooks and crannies of bad instinct Christianity has waged a deadly war upon all feelings of reverence and distance between man and man, which is to say, upon the first prerequisite to every step upward, to every development of civilization--out of the ressentiment of the masses it has forged its chief weapons against us, against everything noble, joyous and high spirited on earth, against our happiness on earth . . .
And let us not underestimate the fatal influence that Christianity has had, even upon politics! Nowadays no one has courage any more for special rights, for the right of dominion, for feelings of honourable pride in himself and his equals--for the pathos of distance. . . Our politics is sick with this lack of courage!--The aristocratic attitude of mind has been undermined by the lie of the equality of souls
Christianity is a revolt of all creatures that creep on the ground against everything that is lofty
44
they say "judge not," and yet they condemn to hell whoever stands in their way.
Morality is the best of all devices for leading mankind by the nose!
46
one had better put on gloves before reading the New Testament.
nothing is there that is free, kindly, open-hearted or upright.
Moral: every word that comes from the lips of an "early Christian" is a lie, and his every act is instinctively dishonest--all his values, all his aims are noxious, but whoever he hates, whatever he hates, has real value . . . The Christian, and particularly the Christian priest, is thus a criterion of values.
48
Against boredom even gods struggle in vain.
This is all there is of morality.--"Thou shalt not know"--the rest follows from that.
The old God invents war; he separates the peoples; he makes men destroy one another (--the priests have always had need of war....). War--among other things, a great disturber of science !--Incredible! Knowledge, delivrance from the priests, prospers in spite of war.--So the old God comes to his final resolution: "Man has become scientific--there is no help for it: he must be drowned!". . . .
49
The priest knows of only one great danger: that is science--the sound comprehension of cause and effect. But science flourishes, on the whole, only under favourable conditions--a man must have time, he must have an overflowing intellect, in order to "know." . . ."Therefore, man must be made unhappy,"--this has been, in all ages, the logic of the priest.--It is easy to see just what, by this logic, was the first thing to come into the world :--"sin." . . . The concept of guilt and punishment, the whole "moral order of the world," was set up against science--against the deliverance of man from priests. . . .
51
Christianity finds sickness necessary, just as the Greek spirit had need of a superabundance of health--the actual ulterior purpose of the whole system of salvation of the church is to make people ill.
Christianity has the rancour of the sick at its very core--the instinct against the healthy, against health.
Christianity remains to this day the greatest misfortune of humanity.
52
Christianity also stands in opposition to all intellectual well-being,--sick reasoning is the only sort that it can use as Christian reasoning; it takes the side of everything that is idiotic; it pronounces a curse upon "intellect," upon the superbia of the healthy intellect. Since sickness is inherent in Christianity, it follows that the typically Christian state of "faith" must be a form of sickness too, and that all straight, straightforward and scientific paths to knowledge must be banned by the church as forbidden ways. Doubt is thus a sin from the start. . . .
delight in lying for the mere sake of lying
"Faith" means the will to avoid knowing what is true.
"Whatever makes for illness is good; whatever issues from abundance, from super-abundance, from power, is evil"
philology……the capacity for absorbing facts without interpreting them falsely, and without losing caution, patience and subtlety in the effort to understand them.
53
Truth is not something that one man has and another man has not
They made signs in blood along the way that they went, and their folly taught them that the truth is proved by blood. But blood is the worst of all testimonies to the truth; blood poisoneth even the purest teaching and turneth it into madness and hatred in the heart.
54
the need of faith, of some thing unconditioned by yea or nay,…… is a need of weakness.
55
55.--One step further in the psychology of conviction, of "faith." It is now a good while since I first proposed for consideration the question whether convictions are not even more dangerous enemies to truth than lies. ("Human, All-Too-Human," I, aphorism 483.)
what was a lie in the father becomes a conviction in the son.--I call it lying to refuse to see what one sees, or to refuse to see it as it is
57
Against this a double wall is set up: on the one hand, revelation, which is the assumption that the reasons lying behind the laws are not of human origin, that they were not sought out and found by a slow process and after many errors, but that they are of divine ancestry, and came into being complete, perfect, without a history, as a free gift, a miracle . . . ; and on the other hand, tradition, which is the assumption that the law has stood unchanged from time immemorial, and that it is impious and a crime against one's forefathers to bring it into question.
the labyrinth, in being hard with themselves and with others, in effort; their delight is in self-mastery; in them asceticism becomes second nature, a necessity, an instinct. They regard a difficult task as a privilege; it is to them a recreation to play with burdens that would crush all others. . . . Knowledge--a form of asceticism.
They rule, not because they want to, but because they are; they are not at liberty to play second.
A right is a privilege.
Whom do I hate most heartily among the rabbles of today? The rabble of Socialists, the apostles to the Chandala, who undermine the workingman's instincts, his pleasure, his feeling of contentment with his petty existence--who make him envious and teach him revenge. . . . Wrong never lies in unequal rights; it lies in the assertion of "equal" rights. . . . What is bad? But I have already answered: all that proceeds from weakness, from envy, from revenge.
58
Christianity……the corruption of souls by means of the concepts of guilt, punishment and immortality
62
The Christian church has left nothing untouched by its depravity; it has turned every value into worthlessness, and every truth into a lie, and every integrity into baseness of soul.
Its deepest necessities range it against any effort to abolish distress; it lives by distress; it creates distress to make itself immortal. . . .
mankind reckons time from the dies nefastus when this fatality befell--from the first day of Christianity!--Why not rather from its last?--From today?--The transvaluation of all values! . . .
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年09月12日, 星期二 14:45 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
马克思1845年关于费尔巴哈的提纲
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年07月14日, 星期五 14:57 回复(2) | 引用(0) 加入博采
为什么要反对人民?
人民:混乱是必要的痛苦,令人心动却无法心安的多数。
历史上从来没有无保留地支持人民的思想,今天反对人民的唯一理由是人民企图支持思想。
古代思想坚决地反对人民,强调思想的高贵性质。
中国有孔夫子:上知与下愚不移。希腊有亚里士多德:最珍贵的东西本质上属于少数人。
古代思想的基本力量就在于强调思想的秘传性质。如果大多数人已经支持了思想,那么思想的刚毅和力量就会变成一个笑话。也只有在思想拒绝人民的时候,才有思想不可磨灭的光辉。一旦思想接受了大地,天空就会变得极度阴沉。而思想是搏击长空的雄鹰,可现在根本就不存在天空。想象这种可怕的境况,我们就能了解为什么古代智慧的前提是反对人民。
伟大的反对从来都指向真理,有真理的地方就有反对。不是刻意地要追求夸张的效果,才要反对真理,而是真理的性质就包含着反对。反对谬误是对人类资源的最高浪费。反对无需反对的东西,这是对人类尊严的玷辱。反对流行(或时尚)的偏见更是高估了流行的力量。试想:当我们花去大量精力满有把握地以为已经彻底驳倒了流行的偏见的时候,而偏见已经不再流行!这个伟大的现实表明,除了真理,根本没有任何东西值得反对。
只有极度落后的民族才会千方百计地强调自己的民族特色,从而一次又一次地错过成就辉煌的时机。只有毫无希望的人才需要用特色来掩盖自己根本的无能。一切罪行必将在中国特色的旗帜下迅速行进。随着中国对自己力量的不断确证,人们将会越来越感觉到中国特色对于中国的前途是一剂怎样的毒药。而对中国特色的强调就是中国是否真正强大的反面标准。在中国未来的发展中,我们将清楚地看到:凡是强调中国特色的时候,必定是中国遭遇极大困难因而觉得自己毫无希望的时候。中国无需强调自己的特色,中国有足够的力量去完成世界上任何民族能够完成的最伟大的事业。中国没有必要非得把世界与自己相对立,应该看到中国不仅仅要加入世界,更要成为世界,改变世界。中国没有任何必要为自己的历史感到自卑。中国应该相信自己的前途,而不是时不时地回头顾盼自己的历史。中国能够而且必将改变世界,这真是天大的讽刺!
狭隘来源于一劳永逸的天意的垂青,因而是农业时代——土地——的遗产。天意的垄断阻挠了愤怒的升腾。自然,老庄学派的自然正是这土地最有力的话语:天道自然。
对土地的爱是异常强大而可怕的爱。那不是对自然的沉思与探索,而是对自然的祈求,膜拜,是对自然的下跪。回归自然是农业时代的挽歌。
绝对地否弃富庶与道德双丰收的可能性,丝毫不信任人类的可能性,这就是中国文化的根底:无言的天道。
繁华中的苟且,困顿中的坚持,出于同一个逻辑。现象的多余性质阻挡了实在璀璨的光芒。以至于善良、纯洁、美丽的实在总是带着不可推卸的粗俗和原始。天人之分正是天人合一的根基。天人有别以及对天意的尊崇,使得天人合一的人生追求中带着根深蒂固的奴性。天空不是雄鹰展翅飞翔的舞台,而成为它搏击不可僭越的界限。人道主义的深切关怀是不能这样了却生命的意义的。人副天数,理在气先。天理存,人欲灭。王权之淫威导致中国人文关怀的内在转向,使得一切世俗作为都显得可悲、可笑、可怜。始皇帝、李斯一举焚书令而敲定中国传统的底色。说到底,世俗之作为太强大,太壮美,以至于中国文人无法认真地考虑领会这种壮美,最终搜寻超越它的路径,而是因一己之痛断然否决这种可能性。
王权不是引向更高的追求,而是代表野蛮的力量,不是成为文明进化的动力,而是文明删除之刀的主要着力处。文明不是在增益而是在减损,损之又损即成虚无。虚无主义是中国文化畸形的根源。然而没有这种虚无,也就不会有文化强劲的崛起。
基本上,中国两千年的文化即是对秦始皇、李斯焚书令的默默执行,是不断地确认焚书令的有效性,不断确认文化根深蒂固的虚无,是不断地表明文化之价值挡不住王权的淫威,是文化持续的退守。因而表现出一种深沉的悲情与无奈,表现出对土地不可遏抑的渴望,表现出天人合一的道义追求,表现出对一切世俗繁华的坚决拒绝。文化的传承者不相信文化的价值超过王权的淫威,不相信文化的力量将战胜王权之剑。
天命的终极关怀是道义的宏扬,而非对自然的开发:自然是丰富的,根本就无需着意开发,只要等候自然自发地运转,人类即可得到足够的东西。需要开发的是人性,人性是贫乏的,常常被自然的丰富所迷惑而堕落。因此对人的战斗高于对自然的战斗。如果自然是贫瘠的,那会有另一番景象。
中国不能很好地尊重知识产权很大程度是由于不相信自己的创造力,根源就是传统认为人性是贫乏的。
人在道德上总是表现得不够,在道德上总是有所亏欠——>阶级斗争,一抓就灵。
人们更多是指责有些人的不道德,而不是自然的暴戾和贫瘠。人们不是把更多的力量放在对技术能力的增长上,总是担心道德会随着技术的发展而弱化,实际上中国对于人性的善良没有什么信心,这是最大的针结所在。
中国一批又一批数量庞大的游民(无固定职业者)由于其游离于当代社会结构的边缘,因而能够以一种“替天行道”“舍我其谁”的“豪迈”,血腥地改造社会:天意假之以工具而戳破当代人庸常不堪的迷梦。只有足够充分的多元化政治——文化结构才能阻止这种对戳破迷梦的梦想。只有如此,对抗才能有一种充实的基础,只有如此,对抗才具有戳破迷梦的作用,使我们不断地从狂放的理想走回凝重的事相,从而构建一种从容不迫的道义与真理。只有这种多元化的事相才能瓦解替天行道的“黑箱”政治和不顾一切、任由我行的流氓意识。只有将私人语言迅速地转化为公共语言,才能铲除虚假的根基。所有这种虚假的唯一根基在于:在当代现实事相中没有任何它所要求的东西的痕迹,只有历史或只有未来才能满足这种要求,从而构成对现实的蔑视。恰恰是根性的贫乏导致了流氓的革命。一种以毁灭他人直接的肉体存在为形式的邪恶乐趣变成了革命的代名词。革命就是永恒地、无限地、绝对地毁灭他人的幸福,决不保留对他人的尊重。不幸的是多元化本身是一个悖论:只有胆量足够大到敢于使用暴力的信念,才能成为多元化格局的支撑因子。
拥有天道之威的人是不屑于与人对话的,因为对话意味着谁也没有把握绝对。谁都不能说天道之剑真的就在他的手里。所以沉默永远是一项太平洋也洗不清的罪孽。所以在民主社会中,沉默是一项公民权利。沉默之人注定要造成紧张的精神状态:事情还没了结。
沉默是一种罪孽,因为他拒绝交流,拒绝承认自己并不掌握真理,是对他人的坚决蔑视。
天道不是任何人谋杀生命的工具。
天人合一的充分必要条件是天人合一是不可能的。
天道的唯一含义是:天道不是任何人力所能抵达的目标,不管是贵族的坚持,还是受压迫者的联合,不管是公开的专政,还是秘密的立法,一切谋算笔划都丝毫也改变天道的性质。
不管是绝望,还是希望,在天道面前,一切都是虚妄,只有在这样一个起点上,人性才能得到张扬。
没有任何问题有任何形式的最终答案,然而要达到这一点,需要的恰恰是对这一点结论的形式上的否定。只有循着绝对的、最终的真理的光芒,人才能洞透真理的面目。无论如何,邪恶都是可能的,甚至是必然的。但同样善良也并不是可有可无的摆设。
正是因为人数众多,所以深受歧视,这就是中国农民:多数并不代表力量。
中国特色是中国落后的根源,只有落后的国家才需要拼命地强调自己的特色。伟大的国家直接追问不朽与永恒,而不会去理睬任何花哨的特色。只有走出中国特色的神话,中国才拥有希望,只有经济文化落后的民族才会去回忆自己的历史,自己的特色,拥有足够自信的民族不会再强调自己的特色,它的目的是提高人类的精神。
在讨论近代思想时,必须时刻牢记一个幽灵般的名字:上帝(真理、立法者、全权者、监督者)
。中国人认为不遵守法律就是自由,而西方人则认为遵守法律才是自由。以此而言,中国人的自由是一种更为彻底的自由,但却是一种野生动物式的对法律的逃避。西方则是对神的服从。中国真正的神是因遥远而模糊的古代,野性的洪水与无边的荒原构成的辉煌古代。我们的内心严格地交托给这高严的古代。中国是古代为现世立法,而西方则不断地确立自然法的权威以承受神的恩泽。近代西方的世俗化进程实际上是纯化了的历史,这种过于严格、天衣无缝的历史乃是一种欺骗。
没有把握整个世界的能力,这是世俗化的根源,它伴随着近代西方民族分化的历史。鲜明的个人理性——清晰的民族传统——上帝选中的西方这条脉络不能说是不断开拓进取的历史,而是不断妥协和退守的历史。马克思主义代表这条脉络的顶峰,在那里已经没有丝毫神的痕迹,因为无产阶级除了自己的劳动一无所有,所以能以一种大气魄规整全世界。但它却是一种面目可憎的世界性。世俗完全取代了神。马克思主义因而成为历史的罪人,因为它彻底放逐了上帝,以一种大无畏的虚无主义精神对抗整个文明(马克思只承认西方文明是文明)。马克思主义的失败因而是不可避免的,因为在虚无中是不可能找到回音的。
而中国只接受马克思主义中虚无主义的蛮横气质,由此造就的中国的崛起因而只能是一种假象。因为它的内脏是一种深刻无比的虚无。中国并没有因为马克思主义而繁荣,恰恰相反,是因为马克思主义丢失了自己的感受。这是中国的一次受难。
古典马克思主义是西方世俗化进程危机的理论体现,中国化的马克思主义则是中国实在找不到出路因而病笃乱投医的历史境况下的产物。
但是历史似乎在开人类的玩笑,西方因为马克思主义而拥有一种直截了当的世界视野,中国却因为马克思主义而必须重建自我。历史的终结即使真的存在,也因此而被推迟。
1919中国开始寻找野蛮的力量。
1949中国在废墟之中崛起。
1979中国重新寻找自我。
1999中国重新领悟弱国的屈辱。
2009中国要找到一统的框架,中国可能的现实的辉煌起码要到2039。
中国的野性在近30到40年恐怕还不会退居幕后。这种野性的威胁实际根自马克思主义。我感到奇怪的是为什么很少有人感受到这种威胁?
中国的政治秩序不可能在2039年之前有大改动。中国目前备受关注的道德沦丧还将延续
- 作者: sinaimount 2005年06月3日, 星期五 15:19 回复(2) | 引用(0) 加入博采
苟且偷生的上帝
宗教通常被认为是属于弱者的,因而信仰宗教是强者的耻辱。
看到耶稣堂就是一个养老院,看到那么多老年人崇信佛教,
似乎给这个观点以重要支持:苟且偷生的上帝!
但是有没有考虑过象孔子、老子、佛陀、耶稣、摩西、穆罕默德
这些伟大宗教的创始人并不是生活中的弱者,
有没有考虑为什么历史上那么多伟大人物献身于宗教思索?
不必费心证明自身的强大正是宗教的幸福,
而必须持续不断地试图证明自身的强大正是哲学的不幸。
通常认为,大多数人信仰宗教,而只有少数人思考哲学,
因而哲学是高贵者的事业,但是如果情况并非如此,
如果这些少数人才是真正的卑贱者,真正的弱者呢?
如果哲学是这少数弱者争取自身生存权的手段呢?
清楚自身弱点、明了自身渺小,并不是渺小的特征,
而恰恰是高贵伟岸的诞生地。
而要设法维持自身强者地位的人,恰恰是真正的弱者,
蕴含着生存中根本的无能。
也许是因为宗教之光太耀眼了,
人们必须蒙上眼睛才能真正面对其夺人的光芒,
所以宗教总是以弱小者的形象出现,
这样才不至于毁灭人类的生命,也许只有这样,
人类才不会自怨自艾,只有这样才能促进人类的提升。
认为宗教只是一个临时性的策略,
而不是人类生活的基本背景/方面,这是一个巨大的错误。
为什么老年人求神拜佛,你认为是虔诚的信仰,
而年青人朝圣,你就认为只不过是一时的娱乐呢?
这是一个巨大的偏见。
实际上生活中的弱者很难具备彻底的信仰。
如果犹太人不能很好的适应生存,犹太教传统早就消失了。
宗教是属于强者的,这是一个令人难以接受的基本事实。
因为宗教的第一要义在于它认定人类生活中有不可消除的邪恶,
因而是需要拯救的对象,而不是拯救的动力。
实际上真诚完全的信仰只有真正伟大的人物才能担当。
宗教教导我们,我们自己不是生活的轴心,这是伟大的智慧,
通常人们只需要知道自己便能够无障碍地生活,
只有灵性充沛之人才能超出这种自我中心的狭隘生活,
而有宗教的明确需求。
信仰代表着灵性的强大与广阔。不信仰代表知性的无能与狭小。
只有灵性的广阔才能接受自己是弱者,
自己不是生活轴心的基本事实,才能驱除生活中的任性与苟且。
上网。综艺节目。QQ。
同学问:老大,现在是不是不爱看书了?
我很难简单地回答是或不是。我深受触动。
通过网络,别人能够作出我不爱看书的断定。
这个断定接近我的生活状况。
这里蕴含着一些有趣的含义:
1网络通常被认为是娱乐性的,与看书这种严肃的生活十分不同,
网络是低级的,平面化的,是严肃的生活不该沉溺其中的。
2一个人的过去不会完全过去。否定过去是荒唐的。
别人会提醒你应该持有的立场。
随时随地都有必要对自己的过去作出解释和辩护。
3只有足够顽强的人才能改变生活,曾经永远是合法的,
因为这是一个既成的事实,需要解释的是现在。
过去引起人们确信的一切都会继续:过去甚至是永恒的。
我深切地感受到这个问号是一个深切的指责。
这一问印证了一种缘份理论。
生活值得珍惜,因为它会带你找到生活的家园:
曾经对善与崇高的坚守。
没有完成的事业永远需要继续,直到完成。
失去了目标的手段是对理想的嘲笑,
是理想需要人,而不是人需要理想。
道不远人,人能弘道。士不可以不坚毅,任重而道远。
不能生活在苟且之中。不能让理想悬在空中,而依然保持安宁。
必须将它实现,才有安稳的可能。
理想必须成为生命无可争议的轴心,而不是装饰品。
是人,而不是理想,会将自己封闭。
柏拉图的世界向所有人开放,然而有许多人并不向这个世界开放。
让理想呆在地狱煎熬而依然保持安宁的人将自己当成了上帝。
这是生活中可怕的错位。
我们自己绝不是生活的轴心,这是宗教伟大的教诲。
我们需要的不是流俗的上帝,因为这样的上帝粗制滥造,俯首可拾。
我们需要的是改变生活的上帝。
生活在制度化的观念之中,人是可悲的,因为这种人是封闭的。
将自己当成了神,因而认为自己可以主宰一切,
然而根本就没有主宰的上帝,这只是改头换面的谎言,
企图掩盖生活中 的邪恶和种种困难。
思想的必要性正在于此:
生活需要苟且偷生的上帝以抵御邪恶的侵蚀。
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年06月7日, 星期三 20:10 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
邪恶的证明
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年06月6日, 星期二 17:49 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
阿七的论纲
对于世界,我只是一个人,但对于某个人,我很可能就是整个世界,
所以人不能妄自菲薄,因此开心就好是不可辩护的。
生命譬如一把手术刀,我们不能把它仅仅当作水果刀来使用。
生命要汇入奔腾的大海,
我们不能因为仅仅看到涓涓溪流而否定宽广的大海。
生命明明是力量惊人的原子弹,
我们不能仅仅做茶叶蛋的营生。
热爱生命是唯一可能的拯救,
而消除苦难的企图是一种残忍的徒劳:黄钟毁弃,瓦斧雷鸣。
重要的不是为苦难哀伤,而是为幸福作证。
接受一个有限的世界是何等困难!
夫子:逝者如斯;上智与下愚不移
苏格拉底:哲学就是学会如何死亡
柏拉图:共和国在风雨飘摇中
孟子:人之异于禽兽者几希。
亚里士多德:人只能以其身上最高的部分要求自己
荀子:涂之人可以为尧舜
stendhal:to the happy few
一个还是两个世界?
1善恶问题
2理想与现实
3历史与时代 (或永恒问题)
宗教问题
1神义论还是人义论(知识产权问题、同性恋问题)
2神圣与世俗(正常与不正常)
哲学问题
1非道德的起点(少数人和多数人的对置格局)
2官僚世界的坚实性(或政治哲学问题,斯宾诺莎:
为什么人们会将奴役当成拯救?)
3哲学生活:有需要解决而尚未解决的问题,
沉默是思想的特权,人的特权
4哲学的辩护:无用性。
马克思主义
1不入正统讲坛的解释(实践的含糊性或不严肃性)
2拯救还是自我放纵,解放还是渎神
3进步主义问题(历史潮流问题)
4诛心之论(或意识形态问题)
Linux和大众文化
个人主义
1为什么会有理直气壮的个人主义
2道德抉择问题(社会制度的坚硬性和道德抉择)
斯宾诺莎:自由人最少想到死,他的智慧不是关于死的默念,
而是对于生的沉思。
谁在辩解?又是谁需要辩解?
为什么有物存在,而不是一无所有?
尼采:事实恰恰是不存在的
现实恰恰是最不现实的
我们决不希望那些至关重要的问题被轻而易举的、早早地解决,
所以哲学能够延续几千年
马克思主义的结论:哲学之死。
两个世界的断裂彻底终结,生命在无尽地欢腾
宗教未必是道德的。而道德总是宗教的。
道德根自风俗习惯和长久以来所自然形成的传统。
而宗教则是先知精神的体现。
作为先知精神的宗教可能支持道德,也可能强烈反对之,
不管是支持还是反对,宗教都不是温和的。
哲学则认为有一些可以打发时间的问题。
宗教要求热忱的献身。
道德也很少是温和的。
手持利器者必死于利器之下。
利器是要维护公义的。如果利器本身与流氓团伙勾结,
邪恶将彻底消失。于是利器将代替邪恶,把世界搞个天翻地覆。
因此邪恶的证明是一项伟大的事业。
至少可以使得宝剑找到出鞘的理由。
如果没有真正的邪恶,宝剑将创造虚假的邪恶来为自身的存在作证。
温和的善良和清白的无辜将成为隐匿的邪恶遭到无情的屠杀。
这就是为什么世界总是充满恐怖。
通体光明,无恶的生命就是最大的恐怖主义。
我提着灯笼,漂泊流浪
正是为了说明美丽的白雪之下,深藏着无边的邪恶
就连引导长江奔向东海的大地,也有酱紫色的罪孽
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年06月2日, 星期五 22:08 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
天道

- 作者: sinaimount 2006年05月22日, 星期一 20:57 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
不诚无物
不诚无物
生活永久的问题是,在不知道关键变量/因素的情况下,如何行动。
不行动是不可能的。
古典式的宁静与详和可以当作行动的目标,但无法成为行动的指南。
行动要求一种神魂颠倒的状态。这是躁动不安、苦苦求索的冲动,
不论是否高尚,没有这种冲动,时间的僵硬就是不可忍受的。
生活的品格是烦忙,而不是悠闲。无所事事是对生命的犯罪。
那么,什么事业可以让我们持久地行动,持久地忘却时间的线性折磨呢?
也许这根本就是一个伪问题。
只是在实在不清楚下一步该怎么走的情况下,这个问题才会涌现。
在实际的令人神魂颠倒的行动流程/逻辑中,根本没有它的位置。
这个问题也就是生活本身。生活并不是一个问题,而是持续的强有力的行动。
行动永远都不会完全丧失对下一步的敏锐感受。
活着本身就是对这个问题的回答。行动提出了问题,也是对问题的回答。
这更暴露了问题的虚假性质。
人的发问像一个不痛不痒的笑话。
用虚假的问题对付实在的行动是挠不到痒处的。
如果事情的真相无关行动的决断,
那么,重要的就不是发生了什么,而是谁干的。
因此,把事情搞清楚的冲动就是一种反常的冲动,
因为这种冲动把对问题的关注摆在核心地位,
而对实际行动的下一步无所挂怀。
因此哲学冲动是反行动的,反生活的,
如果行动就是人类,那么哲学就是反人类的。
一个附带的结果是:哲学不可能是人生/生活哲学,
哲学对生活是陌生的、隔阂的。
决意把事情搞清楚的哲学并不准备行动,
因而不知道下一步是大屠杀,还是政治荣誉。
哲学并不对生活负责,经验丰富、垂垂白发并不是哲学的恰当象征。
不是好好地活着就可以活出某种哲学。好好活着恰恰是非哲学的。
哲学是短命的事业,要求长寿的性格不可能成就哲学。
然而哲学探究不也令人神魂颠倒吗?不也是如假包换的行动流程吗?
不也是苦苦求索的冲动吗?支配着生活和哲学的不是同一种逻辑吗?
诚实,既是对不通晓事物的沉默,也是对通晓事物的见证。
品格是一场恶斗,温柔的骷髅和厉鬼时刻威胁着品格的挺立。
东方道术形成了政治温柔的幻象,个体的血泪无可告慰。
量的优势淹没了质的生长。价值在量的无限扩张中枯萎。
幸福的唯一标准在于是否把生命中最宝贵的部分发扬光大。
在做生命中最宝贵的部分要求做的事情,就是诚实,
就是对生活的见证,也就是幸福。
其他事情,其重要性视与这部分的关系而定。
如果丧失了目标,猎枪就仅仅是嗜血的兵器,而不是生活的卫士。
生活不是要击中靶心赢得喝彩,而是要制服野兽,成为丛林的王者。
生命必须而且只能为自身立法,这是生活的品格,诚实的质地。
原创性是一个骗局。对原著的崇拜泯灭了个体的伸张,形成一种阅读暴力。
唯一值得认真对待的只有生活本身,原著崇拜是一种偶像崇拜。
一切偶像崇拜在真正的神面前都将破灭。红楼必死。
必须关注真正的问题,而不是去制造问题。
将对红楼梦的崇拜纳入道统,形成历史,
则是在构造历史的偶像,同样是在错失目标。
这种将文化当成赛场、以获得关注为中心的做法,
在最好的情况下是一个笑话和一种可以忍受的媚俗,
在最坏的情况下是一种虚伪和无可救药的道德败坏,它背叛了生活。
在世俗潮流前举起白旗,这是原著崇拜的祸害,
将悠久的文化传统和大众的欣赏品味等量齐观,这是一种堕落。
拒绝达成生命的高贵,最终会形成对高贵生命的憎恨,
于是猥琐就会横行于世,最后卑鄙就将当家做主。
原创性的结果就是这种卑鄙小人。
独创性则要求持续不断地思考如何生活,并且知道这就是在做最重要的事。
回归自然的神话。
如果根本就没有自然,回归到哪里?要求回归到某处是在表达对生活的不满,
是在回避最重要的事物。编造自然的故事是在错过生活,
无力承荷责任的品性才能沉浸在对自然的遐想之中。
把黄金当作瓦片弃之不顾,把自由的可能性当作粪土的品性是没有前途的。
拒绝建设生活,而着力于漫无边际的遐想,这是在埋葬生命的崇高。
放纵在小桥流水的乡村幻觉中不能自拔,
却让宏伟的城市任由专制暴力和不公主宰。
把裹着血腥的牛粪当作香喷喷的泥土,
用生命高贵的嘴唇去亲吻肮脏而衰退的世界,
却让一个需要力量和关怀的孩子在铺天盖地的恐吓中度过。
如此卑劣行径还能号称无愧于传统,这真是颠坤颠倒、纲纪凌夷。
哲学就是把有趣的事情变得无趣的事业。
哲学以反对人生为职志,把一切人生哲学的名目都降格到庸俗之列,
要求生活对这个问题作出严肃的回答:什么是生活?
而将生活自身的问题“下一步怎么办”当作梦呓打发掉。
没有下一步的生活将面对一种断裂,一个深渊:
突然之间,有趣的循环结束了,于是无趣渗入到骨髓之中。
生活的中断就是哲学的机会,可这并不像停电就是蜡烛的机会,
哲学不是灯泡的替代品,而就是黑夜。
城市的混乱决不是乡村的机会。因为蜡烛无法替代灯泡,
城市的脉搏决不会因为停电而终结,
实际上停电是城市心脏的一部分。乡村根本就没有机会,蜡烛也已经属于城市。
哲学在一定程度是对有趣乡村的无趣化,而且做得相当彻底。
黑夜是乡村的边界,却属于城市的核心。城市才是哲学的地基。
- 作者: sinaimount 2006年02月16日, 星期四 18:57 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采
离上帝最远的诗
悔罪和救赎的教义
对那堵彩色的墙宣讲
回音在空间中振荡
花蕾在声波的催化下懒懒地绽放
喜悦在雅歌中神秘地成长
温柔的骑士正迎娶婀娜的新娘
醉意朦胧的汉语人
蜷缩在金碧辉煌的小酒楼
缓缓张开春情缱绻的睡眼
探头玩赏小桥流水中行走的怡人景色
汉语的身体被一片温情蒸得火热
躁动不安的语句在嗜血的刀丛瓜熟蒂落
- 作者: sinaimount 2005年12月23日, 星期五 19:37 回复(1) | 引用(0) 加入博采